When a child sees a parent die, experiences severe poverty, or witnesses neighborhood violence, it can leave a permanent mark on her brain. This type of unmitigated, long-term "toxic stress" can affect a person's cardiovascular health, immune system, and mental health into adulthood.
“If you have a whole bunch of bad experiences growing up, you set up your brain in such a way that it’s your expectation that that’s what life is about,” James Perrin, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, told me recently.
A new study in the journal Health Affairs finds that nearly half of all children in the U.S. have experienced one such social or family-related trauma.
[For more of this story, written by Olga Khazan, go to http://www.theatlantic.com/hea...matic-events/383630/]
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