According to the American Thyroid Association (2016), over 20 million Americans are diagnosed with a thyroid condition. A goiter is identified as an uncommon growth found in the thyroidal region of the neck (Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins, 2012). Heredity and accidental obstructions in the thyroidal region are just a few simplified factors leading to this disorder (American Thyroid Association, 2016). Classification systems for goiters are often labeled as nontoxic and toxic (Lippincott et al., 2012). Nontoxic goiters are more prevalent in young females during, and after childbearing years, and are characterized with over excessive amounts of thyroid hormone levels, insufficient levels of iodine, infections, or specific diseases (Lippincott et al., 2012). Nonetheless, toxic goiters are an exacerbated effect of nontoxic goiters, and are commonly prevalent in seniors (Lippincott et al., 2012).
Goiters are typically hard, round, masses, often located in regions of the neck near the thyroid gland. They often cause increased amounts of swelling in the neck area, making daily tasks for patients such as breathing, eating, and swallowing quite painful and difficult (Women’s Health, 2015). Over time, the goiter’s growth causes substantial amounts of pressure to the throat, ultimately producing lacerations, and making breathing unbearable for patients (Lippincott et al., 2012). This can be very painful for patients to endure, and can interrupt daily life. It is important for patients to receive proper treatment to ensure a healthy quality of life. Prognosis for this disorder looks promising with immediate and proper treatment.
There are specific tests utilized to diagnose this disorder. They include ultrasounds, arthrocentesis, urinalysis, and radioactive iodine scans (American Thyroid Association, 2016). Each specific test is utilized to measure the levels of iodine, thyroid hormones, or presence of tumors to support diagnosis (Lippincott et al., 2012). As the behavioral health provider, I would assist the patient with adhering to a proper medication regimen. Moreover, I would assist the patient with adhering to a healthy nutrition plan, limiting foods that take away iodine (Lippincott et al., 2012). Use of psychoeducational groups about this disorder to patients, as well as their families can be an excellent support. If surgery was an option for the patient, individual counseling sessions would focus on CBT to decrease stressful thoughts in preparation for their journey. Lastly, local stress management and self-esteem building support groups can be an asset for their path toward wellness.
References
Department of Health and Human Services. (2021). Goiter. Retrieved on February 21, 2021 from https://www.womenshealth.gov/p...yroid-disease.html#w
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. (2012). Endocrine Disorders. Pathophysiology made incredibly easy (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health.
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